Political Science Essay Example for Free

Political Science Essay P olitical science refers to the social science in relation with political institutions and with the principles and conduct of government. This means that political science is about studying the norms of the society and the government. In political science, you need to know what the society needs, how the government id functioning, how the government execute laws, how they render authority to the people, how the government is built, and many more. It is also the study of the state wherein you ought to know the condition and the capacity of the people and the nation that you authorize. It also includes the study of politics wherein you are required to observe how the people vote for their leaders, how the election is done, or has to be done, how the politicians campaign, and how they do politics in such way that they will be elected. Political science is a study of human and political behavior, all aspects of politics that contributed to the society. It analyzes the political systems that the government is carrying out. Political science converges with other fields like: * Economics, the science of production, distribution and the consumption of mankind and/or services, * Sociology, the study of development, origin, organizations and the functioning of human society, * Law, the regulations that needs to established in a society by the authority or the elected government officials, * Anthropology, the science of human and how they work, it deals with the physical and cultural development, characteristics and beliefs of the society, * Public administration, the fulfillment of public policies, * National politics, * International relations, dealing with the other nations, * Comparative politics. * Political organizations, * Political theories that have been observed throughout the exercises that the government have made and many more. There are three sub disciplines which together establish the field of political science: political philosophy, international relations, and comparative politics. Political philosophy is the study of such topics as politics, liberty, justice rights, laws, and enforcement of rules by the authority. It also observes the facts on how the government is made to be legitimate, the makings of the constitution, the rights and freedom of the humankind, how they should be all protected, the duties of the citizens and the rulers. International relations deal with the connection between nations. It studies the roles of the state, the inter-governmental organizations, international nongovernmental organizations, nongovernmental organizations and multinational corporations. It also analyzes and formulates foreign policies on particular states or countries. Comparative politics is the study of comparison and teaching different types of the constitution. It is actually the method that applies to study politics. Political science is all about the government. All the things that has to happen and will be happening in the future is the study of political science. It uses methods and techniques to compare and study the different inquiries like the primary sources of an historical documents and records. But what is government? Government is a ruler body of a nation, state, or community. It is consist of rulers like the law-makers or legislators, and administrations. It refers to the larger system by which any state is organized. There are also different types of government, depending on each state or attributes, like the following: a. Government with Aristarchic attributes are ruled by the best people in the society might be elite, or some educated citizen. The following are different terms of government with aristarchic attributes: * Aristocracy – a form of government in which the supreme power is vested in the principal persons of the state. Comes from the word aristocrat, means the ruler of this government is an elite person. The ruler may be from different lines of descendant, not just only one. * Geniocracy is a form of government which was first proposed by Rael (leader of International Raelian Movement) which advises to use intelligence as criteria for regional governance. * Kratocracy – is a form of government ruled by a strong person who seized power among its society. * Meritocracy – is a form of government wherein the effectuation of the progress is based upon the intellectual talent of a group. * Technocracy – is a form of government where in professionals or experts in technology are appointed to rule and would be in control of decision making for the society. b. Governments with Autocratic attributes are ruled by dictators. The following are the forms of government with Autocratic attributes: * Authoritarian is a form of government wherein it is characterized by submission to authority as well as its admission. * Autocracy – is a system of government in which the ruling of the society is in the hands of one person. His decisions may be subjected to neither external legal restraint nor regularized mechanisms of popular control. This is a government where in one ruler has unlimited power. * Despotism – is a form of government wherein the supremacy is through threats of punishments and violence. It doesn’t require for a single leader, it may be ruled by a group, not like autocracy. * Fascism – is a form of government focuses on nationalism. The rulers may do things illegal which doesn’t relate to patriotism. It recognizes the presence of class conflict and proposes a resolution to end the divisions of classes within the nation. * Totalitarian – is a form of government in which the political authority exercises absolute and centralized control. The state under totalitarianism regulates every realm of life. c. Governments with democratic attributes are ruled by the person who has been voted by the society thinking he is fit for governing the state. The following are the form of government with democratic attributes: * Democracy – is a form of government which uses the power of the people to vote for their leaders. It is a political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens, might be elite or servants, who can elect people to represent them. * Direct democracy – is a form of government in which people represent themselves and selecting new laws directly. * Representative democracy – is a form of government in which people elects representatives to propose new rules and regulations, or new laws that is needed to be implemented in the society. It is also known as a republic. It is an element of parliamentary and presidential system in the government. Usually, the head of the state is a president. * Social democracy – is a form of government wherein it focuses on the citizens social rights. It speaks of the public services like education, medical care, workers rights, employees compensations, child and elderly care, and many more. It considers itself to be form of reformist democratic socialism. d. Governments with monarchic attributes are ruled by a king or a queen who have inherited their position from their ancestors. The following are the forms of government with monarchic attributes: * Absolute monarchy – is a form of government wherein the monarch utilizes supreme governing authority as the head of the government. It uses total power over the land and its citizens. * Constitutional monarchy – is a form of government wherein the ruler is the monarch (a nations ruler by hereditary right), but his powers are limited because the government has constitution to follow. * Elective monarchy – is a form of government in which the monarchy is elected, not the traditional way in which the ruler is from a hereditary monarchy. * Emirate – is the domain controlled by an emir. Emir is an independent ruler of the Muslim state * Monarchy – is a form of government in which a monarch, who inherited the authority from their family, embodies the sovereignty. e.Governments with oligarchic attributes are ruled by a very influential person. * Bureaucracy – is a form of government with non-elective government officials. It is consists of many bureaus and administrators. The government administrators are the ones who decide on the legislature or the democratically-elected representation of the state. * Ergatocracy – is a form of government in which the ruler is a proletariat. Proletariat is a social class comprising those who do manual labor and wages. Most of them are rebel and activists that controls the society and create an alternative economy for the people. * Kritarchy – is a form of government wherein the ruler is the judge. * Netocracy – is a form of government ruled by social connections. * Oligarchy – is a form of government ruled by a few people. These groups of people have the same interest. They can be identified by their royalty, financial conditions, professions, family ties, corporate or military control. * Plutocracy – is a form of government ruled by the wealthy people. Any form of governments that are listed here can be in a form of plutocracy if the rulers are all rich. * Stratocracy – is a form of government in which people with military service can govern the state or the society. * Timocracy – is a form of government ruled by honorable citizens of the society. * Theocracy – is a form of government or a political unit governed by a deity or by officials thought to be divinely guided. f. Governments with pejorative attributes are ruled by groups or forms of other governments. The following are the forms of government with pejorative attribute: * Bankocracy – is a form of government wherein the system of the governance is influenced by banks on public policy-making. * Corporatocracy – is a form of government wherein it is ruled by the corporation and the economics and political system is controlled by businessmen or business firms. * Nepotocracy – is a system of governance in which the power is given to a family member, mostly to the nephew. * Kakistocracy – is a form of government wherein the least qualified citizens are the rulers of the society. This type of government resulted in a uniformly stupid society barren of intellectual governance. * Kleptocracy (mafia state) – is a form of government wherein the system of governance are ruled by thieves and corrupts. * Ochlocracy – is a form of government ruled by the public. g. Governments with speculative attributes are as follows: * Magocracy – is a form of government wherein the highest and main authority might be a magician or wizard, sorcerer, or witch. * Uniocracy – is a form of government wherein the government is ruled by the singularity or the uniqueness of all human minds. h. Governments with socio-economic attributes are political systems experiencing movements in power. The following are the forms of the government with socio-economic attributes: * Capitalism – capitalists economy are the people who owns their own business privately * Communism – communist societies wherein people own corporate businesses like farms. * Feudalism – is a system of land ownerships, reforms, and duties. * Socialism – these are government who provides education, welfare, and medical support * Welfare state – is a system of governance wherein they focus on giving the citizens of the society the education, medical services, and the protection of their social well-being that they need. As these different forms of government shows, political science is the study of government states and other political systems. It includes the studies of political ideology, economy, philosophy, the norms of politics, and analysis. Political science is very broad; it has so many subfields and subsidiaries. The government in the study of political science depends on the culture and the constitution of every society. http://en. m. wikipedia. org/wiki/Political_science http://en. m. wikipedia. org/wiki/Government https://www. apsanet. orgLcontent_9181. cfm http://www. bartleby. com/60/192. html.

Dance Team :: Argumentative Persuasive Dance School Essays

Dance Team The Twin Cedars Community School District Board of Directors should decide in favor of funding a school dance team. Twin Cedars, a small country based school of approximately 500 students K-12, has never had the benefit of having a dance team. Two years ago, three Twin Cedars students got together with their dance instructor, Shannon Smith, an alumnist of Twin Cedars, and suggested that the school should have a dance team. Smith volunteered her time to coach and choreograph for a new dance team. Smith took this idea to the principal of Twin Cedars, Mike Helle. Helle agreed to allow Smith to start a dance team that could practice at school, but refused to fund the program as an extracurricular activity. This meant that if there was to be a dance team, all funds would have to be raised by the dance team members alone and Smith would have to volunteer all of her time and effort without being paid. Despite these two points Smith agreed to start the dance team. Auditions were held, a team was formed, and the team members began choreography for their first routine. The new TC dance team had their own fundraisers and went asking for donations from local businesses, to help support the new team and help pay for dance team costumes. The team managed to raise enough to buy cheap costumes for all of the members. The new dance team had practice two days a week at 7:00 a.m. all year. They performed at a few football and basketball games throughout the year. The next school year came around and the whole process was repeated. During this year the dance team even managed to put together a Saturday night show at the school, that included other surrounding school’s drill and dance teams. In the two years of the team’s existence the school administrators allowed for the use of the building for practice, they allowed the team to perform at sporting events, and they allowed the the team to have shows. On top of that, they announced the dance team as the Twin Cedars dance team and even added a new spot in the Twin Cedars Yearbook to allow for pictures of the dance team. The school took all the privileges of having a school dance team, yet took none of the responsibilities a school has for an extracurricular activity.

Chicana Role in Society

JannineClare Mendioro K. Land Puente English 102 12/07/12 Paper #5 My mom would sometimes look at me and says my generation is lucky. I never did give a thought what she meant about what she said especially when I came from a family, a clan where women are normally treated as equal as men and sometimes are more precious. But as I slowly grow up, I realized my family traditions view of women are different from the majority of people. In majorities, traditionally women are supposed to stay at home, take care of the kids and dependent towards men. The only females that were permitted to go during the old days were wealthy privilege daughters.During the generation x, women have concerns about equality. Even though Anglo women generally have the same concern with color women, Chicana women have more problem due to their cultural difference which cause Chicana to struggle to adapt in current society means. Regardless what race, majority of women were conventionally oppressed and were not s een equal to men. In â€Å"La Chicana: Her Role in the Past and Her Search for a New Role in the Future† by Berinice Rincon, Rincon portrays Chicanas role in the family. Rincon explains that Chicana women are â€Å" †¦ xpected to be submissive, faithful, devoted, and respectful to her husband and to take the major responsibility for rearing the children†(25). The wife's role in the family is to take care of the kids and the household chores. She is not expected to do anything that’s not related to household chore and taking care of the children. Specifically, â€Å"†¦. Nor is she supposed to share in [her] [husband] political, economic or social activities unless they are centered around the home†(Rincon,25) and she may â€Å"†¦ not interrupt when [he] talk about the things that interest [him] and [his] friends†(Brady,25).As Brady stated, the ideal wife is â€Å"A wife who will have the house clean†(25). Brady is a white house wife who is also expected to do the chores at home. Women were not supposed to talk about political and/or economic view because by doing so they would be questioning mens decision. In addition, Kincaid, a caribbean women claims that the mothers also teaches their daughter â€Å"How to iron [their] father’s khaki shirt†(Kincaid) because when they grow up they would be the one who will iron their husbands khaki.The mother is conditioning their daughter to be submissive by teaching them to take care of the household chores and following her footsteps. Furthermore, Brady conveys that men would like a women who will support them in their career. A wife who would work for him to go to school, take care of the family and take care of the house. Then the men would want â€Å"†¦ a wife to quit working and remain at home so that [his] wife can more fully and completely take care of wife duties† (Brady,26). Because, traditionally women were viewed to stay at home and not work.Thus, â€Å"It is her place and duty to stand behind and back up her macho† (Vidal,23). Actually, White women and Chicanas tackles the same issues in society. First, â€Å"Women are not accepted as community leaders either by the Chicano movement or by the Anglo establishment†(Vidal, 22). During generation x, it is not common to have a women as a leader because they were conventionally portrayed to be submissive and not involved in economic and/or political view thus making it harder for them to gain equality and/or fight for change in their current situation.In fact, â€Å"The white male rulers would want Chicana to accept their oppression precisely because they understand that when Chicanas begin a movement demanding legal abortion, child care, and equal pay for equal work, this movement will pose a real threat to their ability to rule†(Vidal,24). White men want Chicana to accept their oppression because if they don’t accept oppression, they w ould help their white female counterparts to gain equality considering that they have generally the same concerns therefore posing a threats towards white mens power.On this occasion women wants equal pay and right to control their own bodies. What’s more, â€Å"84% agreed that women do not receive equal pay for equal work† (Vidal, 21). Women were not treated equally. Even though they do the same work as the men, no matter what race they were, women were not getting payed with the same amount of money as the men did which will cost shortage in home income. Less money they bring at home the more they will have problems because the cost of living is going up. Furthermore, Vidal claims the Chicana movement would want â€Å"Free legal abortions and birth control for the Chicano community†(21).Both Chicanas and White women are concerned about the right to control their own bodies as resulted in Roe vs Wade where wade won the case and her right to control her body. Th us both White and Chicana women wanted to have a free legal abortion and birth controls because with birth controls they could have more control on how many children they will have. Their expenses will increase if they have more children. It will be harder to support 5 or more kids especially if they only have a low income job.Although White women and Chicana women have things in common, Chicana women are more affected due to racial difference thus making it harder for them to cope in current time. In Latino culture a bad women is viewed as â€Å"The Mala is hard and impious and independent like the macho† (Rincon, 26). In this instance,â€Å"The social station of la mujer mala-Indian women- was [†¦. ] [that] [they] actively participated in the religious, social and commercial life of their own people. They shared the responsibility of the household and also contributed to the economy and social life†(NietoGomez, La Chicana.. 50) but â€Å"The Anglo tradition of industrial and political democracy has encourage women to actively seek equal rights and employment outside the home† (Rincon,26). This is where traditional values of Chicana is crushed with modern time. It was harder for chicana to be encouraged by the industrial and political democracy of the Anglo to fight for their independence because Chicanas culture viewed an independent woman and a woman who participates in economic and politics as a â€Å"bad† women just like the la mujer mala-Indian women.Hence â€Å"The Chicana is torn between being what her [Culture] wants her to be and what she knows she must become in order to function in today’s action oriented world† (Rincon,26). To function to current time she needs to be independent but her cultural views contradicts it. As a result â€Å"84% felt that they were not encourage to seek professional careers and that higher education is not considered important for Mexican women†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Vidal,21). Bec ause most Mexican women felt like higher education is not necessary, they wouldn’t obtain higher education therefore making them only eligible to have a job as a worker.To put it another way, â€Å" Raza women suffer a triple form of oppression: as members of an oppressed nationality, as workers, and as women†(Vidal,23). â€Å"Because the Chicana may suffer from the sex discrimination as well as from racial discrimination, the Chicanas income is at the bottom of the economic ladder† (NietoGomez, Chicanas in.. ,126). For example, â€Å"The median income of the Chicano ($5100) is almost three times as much as the median income of the Chicana ($1800)† (NietoGonez, Chicanas in.. ,126). â€Å"Therefore, the Chicana is primarily a poorly paid worker, with ittle or no job opportunities† (NietoGonez, Chicanas in.. ,127). Chicana is basically the most unprivileged people. Their own culture discriminate them to be independent and if they try to get a job the y have the least opportunity to earn money and to change their current situation. It would be more tougher if the women is a single parent and/or the only one in the family who has an income. As a result of Chicanas cultural values where women are supposed to be dependent, it made it harder for them to advance in society.Their cultural values collided with moderns times cause them to be behind in society’s change. That explains why there are only few successful chicanas because it took them longer to be encourage to have a career. In todays generation, generation y, women are encouraged to have careers, especially minority women. In fact, there are scholarship, programs and foundations that encourage minority women to go to male dominant fields. There are still a little discrimination in workplace but it’s not as severe as before and it’s pretty rare too.If someone discriminate a person due to their gender, that person could sue the person who discriminated them . There are still double standards but as time goes by double standards slowly fades away. â€Å"The status quo must go! It is a new time, and we need to make use everybody’s talent and energy† (Rincon,25). For our country to develop and become more successful we need to encourage everybody to strive for a higher standard and provide them the opportunity to reach their dreams no matter what race and/or gender they are.

Essay Experiential Methods for Acquiring Self-Knowledge

Experiential Methods for Acquiring Self-Knowledge Do people ever know enough about themselves to determine the direction of their career journey? Various strategies have been developed to provide guidance toward this end; however, as the realities of work change due to such factors as global competition and new technologies, it is necessary to develop new awareness of self in relation to work. This Digest examines various processes by which learners of all ages, elementary to adult, can expand their self-knowledge--their interests and the importance of those interests to their personal satisfaction, their strength and weaknesses in relation to their interests, and the ways in which their interests and abilities are applicable in the†¦show more content†¦Experience is integral to knowing and understanding oneself and how one relates to different situations, circumstances, and roles. Experiential Methods for Acquiring Self-Knowledge Many of the new ways of teaching and learning offer processes by which students can gain experiences that enhance their self-knowledge. One of these is problem-based learning, an instructional model based on constructivism, the concept that learners construct their own understanding by relating concrete experience to existing knowledge; processes of collaboration and reflection are involved. In problem-based learning, students are presented with an ill-structured problem--one that has no obvious solution and for which problem-solvers cannot be certain they have the right answer. The problem must be content relevant and represent a real situation faced by an individual, group, company, or community. Solving the problem takes students through the following processes (Savoie and Hughes 1994): Engagement. Problem-based learning requires students to self-direct their search for a solution, often by assuming the role of a key actor in the problem situation, e.g., a lawyer, an environmentalist, a statistician, and so forth.Inquiry. Students brainstorm with others and gather information from multiple sources.Solution Building. Students work in teams discussing alternatives and examining possible solutions.DebriefingShow MoreRelatedHow Learning Can Be Defined As The Acquisition Of Knowledge1334 Words   |  6 PagesAbstract Learning can be defined as the acquisition of knowledge or skills through experience, study, or being taught (XXXX). The things that we learn are also a result of our personal experiences, how we modify our memory as we continue to learn and the realization that what we learn is going to become permanent in our minds. While understanding that our personal experience is a way of learning, this could be imperfect by itself based on various concepts of learning. 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